Abstract:

Gall stone disease is a common problem in elderly women, the incidence ranging from 10% to 20% of the world population. In India , it is seven times more common in the north than in the south. Gallbladder stones are known to produce histopathological changes in the gallbladder. It is also one of the predisposing factors for the development of cancer of the gallbladder.

Aim: To study the clinicomorphological spectrum of gall stone diseases. To find out the possible risk factors.A To find out the frequency / prevalence of different types of gall stones.

Materials & Methods: Retrospective study analysis of all cholecystectomy specimens received in the Department of pathology, Vinayaga Mission’s Kirubananda Variyar Medical college, Salem from January 2008 to May 2011. Histopathology of gall bladder diseases and biochemical analysis of gall stones done.

Results: The total number of cholecystectomy specimens studied were 78. There were 65 cases of chronic calculous cholecystitis, the highest incidence of these being in the age group of 41-60years. In this males were 28 and females were 50 . All patients underwent ultrasonagraphy to confirm the clinical diagnosis. There were 13 cases of acalculus cholecystitis. On morphological analysis, the commonest gall stone was pigment type and the commonest lesion was chronic cholecystitis by histopathology.

Conclusion: The morphological spectrum of gall stone disease identifies the possible risk factors like increasing age, female sex , multiparity and obesity. People who are at risk, may modify their diet to decrease the risk. Regular exercise may also reduce the risk of gall stones.

Keywords: Cholecystectomy, Calculous cholecystitis and Biochemical analysis