Abstract:

Background: Normal insulin secretary function is essential for the maintenance of normal glucose tolerance and abnormal insulin secretion is invariably present in type II diabetes mellitus patients. Autoantibodies against insulin could also be one of the causes for decreased insulin function and increased frequency of complications in T2DM.

Materials and Method: we evaluated for AIA in 80 T2DM patients on oral hypoglycemic drugs and or diet from Bangalore. We compared AIA titres (RIA method) with HbA1c (ELISA) and diabetic complications (neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy) in T2DM. Results were analyzed using student T-test. All the values are expressed as Mean ± standard deviation.

Results: we observed a positive association between AIA and HbA1c. In T2DM with HbA1c ≤ 7.0 AIA titres were 4.44 ± 0.23 and with HbA1c > 7.0, 6.76 ±0.95, with a p value of 0.214. We observed no association of AIA titers with diabetic associated complications, Mean ±SD of 5.91± 0.89 in T2DM without complications and 6.60±1.24 with complications, P>0.05. We observed a significant association between diabetic complications and glycemic status (HbA1c). Among T2DM with complications, AIA titers were 8.91 ± 2.06, without complications 8.0745 ± 1.73, with a p value of 0.039.

Conclusion: Prevalence of chronic diabetic complications neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy in AIA positive and AIA negative type-II diabetics did not differ. We found that glycemic control (HbA1c) was associated with diabetic complications in AIA positive T2DM compared to AIA negative type-II diabetics. We also found T2DM with bad glycemic status (HbA1c >7) had increased AIA levels. So there is only a secondary connection of the complications with AIA in T2DM

Keywords: AIA (Anti-insulin antibodies); T2DM (type II diabetes mellitus); HbA1c (glycosylated Hemoglobin); Diabetic complications.